The Cohesion Fund is a structural instrument that helps Member States to reduce economic and social disparities and to stabilise their economies since 1994. The Cohesion Fund finances up to 85 % of eligible expenditure of major projects involving the environment and transport infrastructure. The Cohesion Fund projects are contributing to the implementation of the most important EU environmental directives regarding wastewater treatment, waste management and drinking water quality improvement as well as modernisation of tranport infrastructure. All the investments in water and waste water sector since 2004 are made only through the river basins schemes. 5 river baisins were identified in Lithuania: Nemunas Midland, Nemunas Lowland, Nemunas Highland, Neris and Venta-Lielupe. The improvements will affect each citizen of all the 60 municipalities of Lithuania throughout the 15 years period.